RC means Reinforced Concrete. It is the combination of concrete and steel bars. We can cast it in different shapes such as Rectangular shapes, T-shapes, Circular shapes, and others as construction needed.  It can be used as column, beam, slab, wall to construct any building. In construction techniques, Concrete is poured into place in a number of
ways. For the footings of small buildings, the wet concrete is poured directly
into trenches dug into the earth below frost level. Concrete for foundations and
certain types of walls is placed between supporting wood or metal forms,
which are removed after the concrete has hardened. In lift-slab construction,
floors and roof slabs are cast at ground level and then raised by hydraulic
jacks and fastened to columns at the desired elevation. Slip forms
are used to produce vertical shafts for silos and the cores of buildings. They
are moved upward at a rate of 15 to 38 cm (6 to 15 in) per hour while concrete
and reinforcements are put in place. The tilt-up method of construction is
frequently used for one- and two-story buildings. Walls are cast in place on the
ground or on the previously laid concrete floor and tilted into position by
cranes. The walls are joined at the corners or between panels with
cast-in-place concrete columns. To pave a highway or road with concrete, a
slip-form paver is used. Two metal side forms are connected to a
slip-form paver. A layer of concrete is poured between the side forms as the
paver slowly moves forward on its treads; the side forms keep the concrete in
position as it dries. Slip-form pavers can lay continuous strips of one or two
lanes of concrete pavement. For certain applications, such as the construction of swimming pools, canal linings, and curved surfaces, concrete may be applied by the shotcrete method. In shotcreting, concrete is sprayed under pneumatic pressure rather than placed between forms. Often the use of shotcrete eliminates the need for formwork and permits placement of concrete in confined areas where conventional forms would be difficult or impossible to construct. Air-entrained concrete is concrete in which minute air bubbles are intentionally trapped by the addition of an admixture to the cement, either during its manufacture or during the batching and mixing of the concrete. The presence of a properly distributed amount of these bubbles imparts desirable properties to both freshly mixed and hardened concrete. In freshly mixed concrete, entrained air acts as a lubricant, improving the workability of the mix, thereby reducing the amount of water that needs to be added. Entrained air also reduces the need for fine material (sand). Entrained air in hardened concrete dramatically reduces the scaling that might otherwise result from the use of chemicals to melt ice on roads and streets. It also prevents damage to pavements caused by freezing and thawing. The air bubbles function as minute safety valves by providing room for the free water in concrete to expand harmlessly as freezing occurs. Concept in Designing Reinforced concrete structures Reinforced concrete can be design according to geography condition. For example, if RC will construct in the earthquake or snowing region, Designation could be made by considering on extra-load of earthquake or snow in addition to load requirement for building that have different functions. Designation process can be made from the following steps:(Beam) 1. Study and determine all kinds of loads that structure has. (Dead Load and Live load) 2. Combine load by using Load combination formulas. 3. Analyse and select section that respond to the moment or load 4. Check moment 5. Check shear 6. check deflection 7. Final selection of section. |
